{"id":7002,"date":"2022-12-21T12:41:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-21T09:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=7002"},"modified":"2022-12-21T10:16:35","modified_gmt":"2022-12-21T07:16:35","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%82%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%83%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=7002","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-320-700x467.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7009\" width=\"549\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-320-700x467.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-320-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-320.png 853w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0630\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 (DERs)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 (MGCS) \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (IEEE Std 2030.7)\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u201d \u0648 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u201d \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0640 (MGCS2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 (DERs) \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (microgrid)\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0640 (IEEE Std 2030.8)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 (C-HIL) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u201d \u0648 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640 (MGCS) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 (FPGA) \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631(C-HIL) \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a (POI) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 Microgrid<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (Microgrid): \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f (ESS) \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 (RERs) \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 (4) \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d (WTG) \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a (1)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a (POI).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-314-700x378.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7003\" width=\"521\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-314-700x378.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-314.png 711w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 521px) 100vw, 521px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 (ESS) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 (Vf) \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (RER) (PV \u0648 WTG) \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a (IEEE Std 2030.7) \u0648 (2030.8)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (SoC) \u0644\u0640 (ESS)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 (SoCmin \u0648 SoCmax) \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a) (Pch \u0648 max)- \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628) \u0648 (Pdis \u0648 max \u2013 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a) \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 (Pds \u060c min) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 (Pds \u060c max) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 (RER) \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 (POI).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-315-700x175.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7004\" width=\"596\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-315-700x175.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-315-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-315.png 798w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 596px) 100vw, 596px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c (DER) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0644 (ZIP) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a (RT-Lab) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 (Islanded)\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (Pnet) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f (RER Prer) \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-316-700x160.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7005\" width=\"505\" height=\"115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-316-700x160.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-316-768x176.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-316.png 808w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u0631) \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0636\u0628\u0637 (P \u2217 POI = 0).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 (POI) \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a (ESS) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a (PQ) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (Vf).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a (POI)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 (PLL) \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0640 (ESS) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 (ESS) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (PQ).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 (ESS) \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a (2)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 (POI) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d (K1 \u2013 K2) \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 (K3 \u2013 K4) \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-317-700x218.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7006\" width=\"508\" height=\"158\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-317-700x218.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-317-768x239.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-317.png 801w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 508px) 100vw, 508px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d (K5) \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (PQ)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (PQ) \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (Vf) \u060c\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a (3)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-318-700x231.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7007\" width=\"529\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-318-700x231.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-318-768x253.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-318.png 831w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 (SVC) \u0648 (FACTS)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b (Si) \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c (ki) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648 (Pref \u060c i) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 (i).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-319-700x157.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7008\" width=\"483\" height=\"108\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-319-700x157.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-319-768x172.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-319.png 775w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px\" 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