{"id":6610,"date":"2024-08-04T14:07:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T11:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=6610"},"modified":"2024-08-04T10:40:18","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T07:40:18","slug":"%d9%83%d8%b4%d9%81-%d8%a3%d8%b9%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=6610","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-153-700x394.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6611\" width=\"581\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-153-700x394.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-153-900x507.png 900w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-153-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-153.png 1259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 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\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (T1)\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 300 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648 700 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (T2)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 700 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (T3)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (DT).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 108 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 (OLTC) \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 (DGA) \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u201d (IEC)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (DGA) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u201c\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0644\u201d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 (OLTC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 (D1) \u0648 (D2)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a (OLTC) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 (D2) \u0648 (D1) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a (D1) \u0648 (D2) \u0648 (T3) \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 (PDs) \u0648 (T1) \u0648 (T2) \u0648 (DT)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0644\u0640 (D1) \u0648 (D2) \u0648 (T3)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (O).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a (Agilent Cary5000)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0621 (UV-Vis-NIR)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 (1) \u0633\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u201c\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062a\u201d \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-154-700x177.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6612\" width=\"520\" height=\"131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-154-700x177.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-154.png 706w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062d\u064a\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(S): \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(R): \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(B): \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f (200-3300) \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 2120-2220 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-155-700x421.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6613\" width=\"537\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-155-700x421.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-155-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-155.png 799w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 537px) 100vw, 537px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 (D2) \u0648 (D1) \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f (2172) \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 (D2) \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 (D1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 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