{"id":16329,"date":"2025-03-06T12:41:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-06T09:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=16329"},"modified":"2025-03-09T11:58:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-09T08:58:57","slug":"%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%ab%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=16329","title":{"rendered":"\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 DC-DC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a (1) \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (N)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 (Vref) \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u060c (Vm) \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c (Hv) \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b (iLi) \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b\u060c (uconi) \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c (Hci) \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0636 \u0648 (di) \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 (i = 1\u060c2) \u060c \u2026 \u060c (N)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a (PI)\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 (kPv \u060c kIv)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 (kPci \u060c kIci) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a (N) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0628\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 (Ro)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636 (PWM) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a (2) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (N)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629 (uf)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 (uf) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a (Vref) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (PI)\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (ucv).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b (iLi) \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629 (ifi)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (ucv) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (PI)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (ucoini) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b (ucoini) \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 (PWM)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (di) \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 [i = 1\u060c2\u060c\u2026\u060c N]\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (ucv) \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a (DC-DC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 (2)\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 (RSi) \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (MOSFET Si) \u0648 (RLi) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062b (Li)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b [i = 1\u060c2 \u060c \u2026 \u060c N]\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 (MOSFET Si) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b [i = 1\u060c2 \u060c \u2026 \u060c N].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062b (L) \u0628\u0640 [L> N2\u22c5DRo] \u0648 [(Vin \u2212 Vo \u2212 ILRs) Vofs]\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (N) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Floquet)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (Nyquist).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Floquet) : \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1)\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (ucv) \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (1)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 (uconi) \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (2)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b [i = 1\u060c2 \u060c \u2026 \u060c N]\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (PI).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (Nyquist): \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (Nyquist) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (N)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a (DC-DC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Floquet)\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Floquet) \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a (DC-DC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (Nyquist) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a (DC-DC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a (DC-DC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 DC-DC \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16335,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-47"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16329"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16329"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16336,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16329\/revisions\/16336"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}