{"id":12136,"date":"2024-02-07T10:33:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-07T07:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=12136"},"modified":"2024-02-07T14:11:22","modified_gmt":"2024-02-07T11:11:22","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-ad-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=12136","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 AD \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 AS \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-303-700x392.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12137\" width=\"475\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-303-700x392.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-303-900x504.png 900w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-303-768x430.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-303.png 959w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 475px) 100vw, 475px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (AD) \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (AD)\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 AD \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 AS \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (AD) \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (OSPF) \u0648(EIGRP)\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0644\u0640 (EIGRP) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 (EIGRP) \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (AD) \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 255\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d 0 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a (255) \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1- \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (AD) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (AD) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (AD) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (AS) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (16 \u0628\u062a) \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 65535.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAD\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cAdministrative-distance\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOSPF\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cOpen-Shortest-Path-First\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEIGRP\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cEnhanced-Interior-Gateway-Routing-Protocol\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2- \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0645 16 \u0628\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 64511.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 (AS) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (BGP) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:\u201cBGP\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cBorder-Gateway-Protocol\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3- \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 (16 \u0628\u062a) \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 64512 \u0625\u0644\u0649 65535.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4- \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 AS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 (IANA) \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 (IANA) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:\u201cIANA\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cInternet-Assigned-Numbers-Authority\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 AD \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 AS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (OSPF) \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 (RIP) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0640 (1) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0647\u0648 5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 (BGP) \u0647\u064a 20\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (EIGRP) \u0647\u064a 90 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (IGRP) \u0647\u064a 100\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b (OSPF) \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a 110 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b(IS-IS) \u0647\u0648 115.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 (RIP) \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 120\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 255\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 1 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 255 \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIGRP\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cInterior-Gateway-Routing-Protocol\u201d \u0648\u201dRIP\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cRouting-Information-Protocol\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEIGRP\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cEnhanced-Interior-Gateway-Routing-Protocol\u201d \u0648\u201dIS-IS\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cIntermediate-System to-Intermediate-System\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 AS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 (AS): \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a (IP) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 (AS) \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (AS) \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a (IP) \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a (ISP).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 (AS) \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 (AS) \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 (AS)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641 (AS) \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651 (AS) \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 (AS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0627\u062a (IP) \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 A \u0623\u0648 B \u0623\u0648 C\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 (AS) \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 (CIDR)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 (IP) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCIDR\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cClassless-Inter-Domain-Routing\u201d \u0648\u201dAS\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cAutomatic-System\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cISP\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u201cInterne-service-provider\u201d \u0648\u201dIP\u201d \u0647\u064a 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