{"id":10443,"date":"2025-02-20T14:10:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-20T11:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=10443"},"modified":"2025-02-19T11:34:03","modified_gmt":"2025-02-19T08:34:03","slug":"%d8%a5%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%83%d9%85-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%af-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/?p=10443","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-174-700x432.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10444\" width=\"551\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-174-700x432.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-174-900x555.png 900w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-174-768x473.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-174.png 949w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 551px) 100vw, 551px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u063a\u0644 (DERs) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 (1300) \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a 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\u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a (DER) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (3.68 \u0648 13.8) \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 (DERs) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 (0.95).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 SPVI \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f (SPVIs) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a (SPVI) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 (SPVI)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640 (SPVI)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a 1)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 (SPVIs) \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0643\u062a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644(2-a)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d (mth SPVI)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (mth SPVI) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 [(Rm + jXm)] \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a [\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 2 (b)].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-175-700x244.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10445\" width=\"330\" height=\"115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-175-700x244.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-175-768x267.png 768w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-175.png 888w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0394Vm): \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Pm \u060c Qm \u060c \u0648 Igrid \u060c m): \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 (mth SPVI) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (R \/ X) \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0629 (\u0394Vm) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a [\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 2 (c)].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-176-700x237.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10446\" width=\"333\" height=\"113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-176-700x237.png 700w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-176.png 738w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 (mth SPVI)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f (VPCC \u060c m)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 (SPVI)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 (SPVI) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Qm \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 (Pm) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 (\u0623\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629)\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u062c\u0647\u062f (PCC)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a (IEEE 1547-2018)\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 (SPVIs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-177-619x700.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10447\" width=\"357\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-177-619x700.png 619w, https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-177.png 720w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 357px) 100vw, 357px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0631\u062c (SPVI)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a (SPVI) \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a-\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 (SPVIs) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 (SPVIs) \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 (SPVI) \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 (PLL) \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642 (PLL) \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 (SPVI) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (SOGI) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0640 (SPVI)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0640 (SPVIs) \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 (SPVIs) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 (DERs) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 (PV) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10444,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-47"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10443"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10443"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10448,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10443\/revisions\/10448"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/Muhandes.Net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}